Nigeria’s history is marked by a series of military interventions, often characterized by chaos, political instability, and, most times, human rights abuse.
While military rule is frequently criticized for its negative impact on democracy and human rights, certain developments might never have been possible without military intervention in Nigeria.
Although these development projects came at a cost, often involving authoritarianism, corruption, and a lack of democratic accountability, it seems that some of them brought Nigeria to where the country is now.
1. The end of the civil war
One of the most significant developments that could not have occurred without military intervention was the end of the Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970). The war, popularly called the Biafran War, threatened to tear the nation apart. It took the military intervention of the federal government to bring about a ceasefire and eventual reunification.
While the war was a tragic event, its resolution paved the way for national unity and the reconstruction of war-torn regions.
2. National Youth Service Corps (NYSC)
The NYSC program was established during the military regime of General Yakubu Gowon in 1973. It was designed to foster national unity by deploying young graduates to different parts of the country for a year of service. The NYSC has played a significant role in promoting cross-cultural understanding and integration among Nigeria’s diverse ethnic and regional groups.
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3. Abuja became the Federal Capital Territory
The decision to move Nigeria’s capital from Lagos to Abuja was a visionary development project that might not have been possible without military intervention. General Ibrahim Babangida, who ruled Nigeria from 1985 to 1993, initiated the process of creating a new capital city in Abuja.
This move was driven by the need to promote national unity by locating the capital in a more central region and reducing congestion in Lagos. Today, Abuja stands as a modern, purpose-built capital city.
4. Telecommunications and technology infrastructure
The military regimes, particularly during the 1990s, recognized the importance of telecommunications and technology for national development. They initiated policies and investments that laid the groundwork for the expansion of Nigeria’s telecommunications and IT sectors. This has contributed to the growth of the Nigerian tech industry and increased connectivity.
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5. Development of the Nigerian Defense Industry
The military’s involvement in defense and security matters has led to the development of Nigeria’s defense industry. Initiatives like the Defense Industries Corporation of Nigeria (DICON) have helped the country produce its military hardware and reduce dependence on foreign arms imports.
6. Space exploration
The establishment of the National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) in 1999 was a significant development under civilian rule. However, the Nigerian military had been involved in early space research efforts, which laid the groundwork for NASRDA’s later achievements, including launching satellites and contributing to advancements in space technology.
7. Major infrastructure projects
Several iconic infrastructure projects, such as the Lagos-Ibadan Expressway and the Second Niger Bridge, have seen significant progress during military regimes. These projects have been crucial for economic development and transportation.
8. Dams and hydroelectric power
Military governments initiated the construction of major dams and hydroelectric power projects, such as the Shiroro Dam and the Kainji Dam. These projects have had a substantial impact on electricity generation and water supply in Nigeria.
9. Road network expansion
The military regimes in Nigeria recognized the importance of road infrastructure for economic development. They initiated extensive road construction projects across the country, creating an extensive network of highways and improving transportation connectivity.
10. Establishment of National Boundary Commission
The military established the National Boundary Commission to address boundary disputes among Nigeria’s states and local governments. This initiative aimed to promote peace and stability by resolving territorial conflicts.
While these projects came at a cost such as human rights abuses, and political instability, it would have taken years for the civilian government to achieve these milestones due to the bureaucracy in the system.
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